Spring Security 基于URL的权限判断

1. FilterSecurityInterceptor 源码阅读
org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor

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通过过滤器实现对HTTP资源进行安全处理。
该安全拦截器所需的 SecurityMetadataSource 类型为 FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource 。

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doFilter方法中直接调用invoke方法

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基本都是调用父类的方法，那下面就重点看下父类 AbstractSecurityInterceptor 中相关方法

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为安全对象实现安全拦截的抽象类。
AbstractSecurityInterceptor 将确保安全拦截器的正确启动配置。它还将实现对安全对象调用的正确处理，即：

从 SecurityContextHolder 获取 Authentication 对象。
通过在SecurityMetadataSource中查找安全对象请求，确定请求是与安全调用还是公共调用相关（PS：简单地来讲，就是看一下请求的资源是不是受保护的，受保护的就是安全调用，就要权限，不受保护的就不需要权限就可以访问）。
对于受保护的调用（有一个用于安全对象调用的 ConfigAttributes 列表）：
1. 如果 Authentication.isAuthenticated() 返回 false，或者 alwaysReauthenticate 为 true，则根据配置的 AuthenticationManager 对请求进行身份验证。通过身份验证后，将 SecurityContextHolder 上的 Authentication 对象替换为返回值。
2. 根据配置的AccessDecisionManager授权请求。
3. 通过配置的RunAsManager执行任何run-as替换。
4. 将控制权传递回具体的子类，它实际上将继续执行对象。返回一个 InterceptorStatusToken 以便在子类完成对象的执行后，其 finally 子句可以确保 AbstractSecurityInterceptor 被调用并使用 finallyInvocation(InterceptorStatusToken) 正确处理。
5. 具体的子类将通过 afterInvocation(InterceptorStatusToken, Object) 方法重新调用 AbstractSecurityInterceptor 。
6. 如果 RunAsManager 替换了 Authentication 对象，则将 SecurityContextHolder 返回到调用 AuthenticationManager 后存在的对象。
7. 如果定义了AfterInvocationManager，则调用它并允许它替换将要返回给调用者的对象。
对于公开的调用（安全对象调用没有 ConfigAttributes）：
1. 如上所述，具体的子类将返回一个 InterceptorStatusToken，在执行完安全对象后，该 InterceptorStatusToken 随后被重新呈现给 AbstractSecurityInterceptor 。AbstractSecurityInterceptor 在它的 afterInvocation(InterceptorStatusToken, Object) 被调用时不会采取进一步的行动。
控制再次返回到具体的子类，以及应该返回给调用者的对象。然后子类会将该结果或异常返回给原始调用者。

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下面具体来看

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从这里我们可以知道返回null和空集合是一样的。

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接下来看授权

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这是我们要重点关注的，可以看到，授权靠的是 accessDecisionManager.decide(authenticated, object, attributes)
因此，我们想要实现自己的基于请求Url的授权只需自定义一个 AccessDecisionManager 即可
接下来，我们来具体实现一下
2. 自定义基于url的授权
先把Spring Security授权的大致流程流程摆在这儿：

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自定义FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource

package com.example.security.core;import com.example.security.service.SysPermissionService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityConfig;import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Collection;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;/** * @Author ChengJianSheng * @Date 2021/12/2 */@Componentpublic class MyFilterSecurityMetadataSource implements FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {@Autowiredprivate SysPermissionService sysPermissionService;private final AntPathMatcher antPathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher();@Overridepublic Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAttributes(Object object) throws IllegalArgumentException {FilterInvocation fi = (FilterInvocation) object;String url = fi.getRequestUrl();String httpMethod = fi.getRequest().getMethod();List<ConfigAttribute> attributes = new ArrayList<>();Map<String, String> urlRoleMap = sysPermissionService.getAllUrlRole();for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : urlRoleMap.entrySet()) {if (antPathMatcher.match(entry.getKey(), url)) {return SecurityConfig.createList(entry.getValue());}}// 返回null和空列表是一样的，都表示当前访问的资源不需要权限，所有人都可以访问return attributes;//return null;}@Overridepublic Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAllConfigAttributes() {return null;}@Overridepublic boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {return FilterInvocation.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz);}}

这里需要说明一下，其实Spring Security里面说的role不一定表示的是我们自己建的那个角色表，我们可以这样理解，就是它这里的所谓role只是一个权限标识。我们在建表的时候，通常最基本的是5张表（用户表、角色表、权限表、用户角色关系表、角色权限关系表），我们可以把受保护的资源（通常是一个url）与角色关联起来，建立哪些角色可以访问哪些资源，也可以直接判断资源的权限（通常是权限编码/标识）。

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只要有这个关系，剩下的就是写法不同而已。如果你把role理解成资源的权限标识的话，那么返回的Collection<ConfigAttribute>中就最多有一个元素，如果理解成角色的话，那么可能有多个元素。就这么点儿东西，写法不同而已，本质是一样的。
自定义AccessDecisionManager

package com.example.security.core;import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDecisionManager;import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;import org.springframework.security.authentication.InsufficientAuthenticationException;import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.util.Collection;/** * @Author ChengJianSheng * @Date 2021/12/2 */@Componentpublic class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {@Overridepublic void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object, Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = authentication.getAuthorities();System.out.println(authorities);System.out.println(configAttributes);//查看当前用户是否有对应的权限访问该保护资源for (ConfigAttribute attribute : configAttributes) {for (GrantedAuthority authority : authorities) {if (authority.getAuthority().equals(attribute.getAttribute())) {return;}}}throw new AccessDeniedException("Access is denied");}@Overridepublic boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {return true;}@Overridepublic boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {return true;}}

decide方法的三个参数，依次表示：

调用者（非空）
被调用的安全对象
与被调用的安全对象关联的配置属性

配置WebSecurityConfig

package com.example.security.config;import com.example.security.core.MyAccessDecisionManager;import com.example.security.core.MyFilterSecurityMetadataSource;import com.example.security.core.MyUserDetailsService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.ObjectPostProcessor;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor;/** * @Author ChengJianSheng * @Date 2021/12/6 */@Configurationpublic class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {@Autowiredprivate MyUserDetailsService myUserDetailsService;@Autowiredprivate MyAccessDecisionManager myAccessDecisionManager;@Autowiredprivate MyFilterSecurityMetadataSource myFilterSecurityMetadataSource;@Overrideprotected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {auth.userDetailsService(myUserDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());}@Overrideprotected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {http.formLogin().and().authorizeRequests().withObjectPostProcessor(new ObjectPostProcessor<FilterSecurityInterceptor>() {@Overridepublic <O extends FilterSecurityInterceptor> O postProcess(O object) {object.setSecurityMetadataSource(myFilterSecurityMetadataSource);object.setAccessDecisionManager(myAccessDecisionManager);return object;}}).anyRequest().authenticated();}@Beanpublic PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();}}

其它不重要的就直接贴出来了
pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.6.1</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>security-demo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>security-demo</name><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId><artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><configuration><excludes><exclude><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></exclude></excludes></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>

application.yml

spring:datasource:url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo126?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=falsedriver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverusername: rootpassword: 123456jpa:database: mysqlshow-sql: true

SysPermissionEntity.java

package com.example.security.entity;import lombok.Getter;import lombok.Setter;import javax.persistence.*;import java.io.Serializable;/** * @Author ChengJianSheng * @Date 2021/12/6 */@Getter@Setter@Entity@Table(name = "sys_permission")public class SysPermissionEntity implements Serializable {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)private Integer id;/** 权限编码（标识） */private String code;/** 权限名称 */private String name;/** 权限URL */private String url;}

SysRoleEntity.java

package com.example.security.entity;import lombok.Getter;import lombok.Setter;import javax.persistence.*;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Set;/** * @Author ChengJianSheng * @Date 2021/12/6 */@Getter@Setter@Entity@Table(name = "sys_role")public class SysRoleEntity implements Serializable {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)private Integer id;/** 角色编码 */private String code;/** 角色名称 */private String name;@ManyToMany@JoinTable(name = "sys_role_permission", joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "role_id")}, inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "permission_id")})private Set<SysPermissionEntity> permissions;}

SysUserEntity.java

package com.example.security.entity;import lombok.Getter;import lombok.Setter;import javax.persistence.*;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Set;/** * @Author ChengJianSheng * @Date 2021/12/6 */@Getter@Setter@Entity@Table(name = "sys_user")public class SysUserEntity implements Serializable {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)private Integer id;/** 用户名 */private String username;/** 密码 */private String password;@ManyToMany@JoinTable(name = "sys_user_role",joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "user_id")},inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "role_id")})private Set<SysRoleEntity> roles;}

SysUserRepository.java

package com.example.security.repository;import com.example.security.entity.SysUserEntity;import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;/** * @Author ChengJianSheng * @Date 2021/12/6 */public interface SysUserRepository extends JpaRepository<SysUserEntity, Integer>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<SysUserEntity> {SysUserEntity findByUsername(String username);}

SysPermissionServiceImpl.java

package com.example.security.service.impl;import com.example.security.entity.SysPermissionEntity;import com.example.security.repository.SysPermissionRepository;import com.example.security.service.SysPermissionService;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.Resource;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import java.util.stream.Collectors;/** * @Author ChengJianSheng * @Date 2021/12/6 */@Servicepublic class SysPermissionServiceImpl implements SysPermissionService {@Resourceprivate SysPermissionRepository sysPermissionRepository;@Overridepublic Map<String, String> getAllUrlRole() {List<SysPermissionEntity> list = sysPermissionRepository.findAll();return list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(SysPermissionEntity::getUrl, SysPermissionEntity::getCode));}}

MyUserDetails.java

package com.example.security.domain;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;import java.util.Collection;import java.util.Set;/** * @Author ChengJianSheng * @Date 2021/12/6 */@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructorpublic class MyUserDetails implements UserDetails {private String username;private String password;private boolean enabled;private Set<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities;@Overridepublic Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {return authorities;}@Overridepublic String getPassword() {return password;}@Overridepublic String getUsername() {return username;}@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonExpired() {return true;}@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonLocked() {return true;}@Overridepublic boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {return true;}@Overridepublic boolean isEnabled() {return enabled;}}

MyUserDetailsService.java

package com.example.security.core;import com.example.security.domain.MyUserDetails;import com.example.security.entity.SysPermissionEntity;import com.example.security.entity.SysUserEntity;import com.example.security.repository.SysUserRepository;import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.Resource;import javax.transaction.Transactional;import java.util.Set;import java.util.stream.Collectors;/** * @Author ChengJianSheng * @Date 2021/12/6 */@Transactional@Servicepublic class MyUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {@Resourceprivate SysUserRepository sysUserRepository;@Overridepublic UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {SysUserEntity sysUserEntity = sysUserRepository.findByUsername(username);if (null == sysUserEntity) {throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户不存在");}Set<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities = sysUserEntity.getRoles().stream().flatMap(roleId->roleId.getPermissions().stream()).map(SysPermissionEntity::getCode).map(SimpleGrantedAuthority::new).collect(Collectors.toSet());return new MyUserDetails(sysUserEntity.getUsername(), sysUserEntity.getPassword(), true, authorities);}}

HelloController.java

package com.example.security.controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;/** * @Author ChengJianSheng * @Date 2021/12/6 */@RestController@RequestMapping("/hello")public class HelloController {@GetMapping("/sayHello")public String sayHello() {return "Hello";}@GetMapping("/sayHi")public String sayHi() {return "Hi";}}

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数据库脚本如下

SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for sys_permission-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_permission`;CREATE TABLE `sys_permission`(`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`code` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '权限编码（标识）',`name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '权限名称',`url` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '权限URL',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 5 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;-- ------------------------------ Records of sys_permission-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES (1, 'home', '首页', '/home/**');INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES (2, 'user:add', '添加用户', '/user/add');INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES (3, 'user:delete', '删除用户', '/user/delete');INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES (4, 'hello:sayHello', '打招呼', '/hello/sayHello');-- ------------------------------ Table structure for sys_role-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role`;CREATE TABLE `sys_role`(`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`code` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '角色编码',`name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '角色名称',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;-- ------------------------------ Records of sys_role-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES (1, 'employee', '员工');INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES (2, 'engineer', '工程师');INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES (3, 'leader', '组长');-- ------------------------------ Table structure for sys_role_permission-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role_permission`;CREATE TABLE `sys_role_permission`(`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`role_id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '角色ID',`permission_id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '权限ID',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 8 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;-- ------------------------------ Records of sys_role_permission-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (1, 1, 1);INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (2, 2, 1);INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (3, 2, 2);INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (4, 3, 1);INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (5, 3, 2);INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (6, 3, 3);INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (7, 3, 4);-- ------------------------------ Table structure for sys_user-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user`;CREATE TABLE `sys_user`(`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',`password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 2 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;-- ------------------------------ Records of sys_user-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `sys_user` VALUES (1, 'zhangsan', '$2a$10$e4wFsFHQCNjPe5tTJMPkRuKGwmMGC45pfjMupY9nwbTuoKQ0bKc/u');-- ------------------------------ Table structure for sys_user_role-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user_role`;CREATE TABLE `sys_user_role`(`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`user_id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',`role_id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '角色ID',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;-- ------------------------------ Records of sys_user_role-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `sys_user_role` VALUES (1, 1, 1);INSERT INTO `sys_user_role` VALUES (2, 1, 2);INSERT INTO `sys_user_role` VALUES (3, 1, 3);SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

浏览器访问 http://localhost:8080/hello/sayHi 正常返回，不用登录，因为没有在sys_permission表中配置该资源，也就是说它不是一个受保护的资源（公开资源）
访问http://localhost:8080/hello/sayHello则需要先登录，用zhangsan登录成功以后正确返回

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项目结构如下

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【Spring Security 基于URL的权限判断】